What is the difference between a novel and a romance?

A story of love is not a novel Sir Walter Scott in his "Essay on Romance", created a fundamental difference between romance and novel. Although he considered the first, a story which consisted of beautiful and rare event, he saw the novel as a work that society, so he wrote many historical novels, says reflects.
Literary Romances Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote in his preface to The House of Seven Gables, "If a writer is his work, a novel hardly necessary to remark that he would take some flexibility in claims, calling both as to its fashion and material, he would not be the adoption felt right, he would have pretended to write a novel. "
Hawthorne width means that the author took liberties their "average weather" to manage and inject also wonderful. While in a novel, the author can create an atmosphere of magic, magic, or even a strange or mysterious atmosphere, which is little resemblance to reality in the novel to create is almost impossible - unless the nature allows such freedoms. Garcia Marquez novels like One Hundred Years of Solitude, or series, even JK Rowling's Harry Potter novels are unlikely with these events that the suspension of disbelief filled challenge. But this is permissible because the novels are sort of magical realism.
Hawthorne continued to add: "This latter form of composition [the] novel is a very small presumed loyalty, not only possible but probable and ordinary human experience."
In fact, readers expect a "loyalty" or the realism that we see, feel and experience in the material world, and this can be made into a novel. As Herman Melville wrote his short story series, "Bartleby, the scribe," which he placed on Wall Street, he knew he was writing a novel. In this work we find both a strange atmosphere, spooky, and characters that are not expected to be real. In particular, we can use the argument that the protagonist Bartleby to be more like a different world (Ghost or spirit) of a real person.
The Canadian spokesman for Northrop Frye in his Anatomy of Criticism wrote: "The essential difference between the novel and the novel lies in the conception of characterization. The novel is not trying to create" real people "as stylized figures in psychological archetypes (304 to expand). "
Apart from Bartleby, Melville wrote Billy Budd, another soap opera in which characters are "stylized facts" with which Melville explores the depths of the human psyche.
Formulaic and trashy romances When we read novels "formula" or trashy literature, we know that the people especially the lovers of credulity-push, as the barriers they find too much in love invincible. Readers are nothing out of the speed limits, barriers and other obstacles, in fact, they welcome them as benign overcome frustration at the end.
But by current standards, artistic, and the novel a couple of notches lower than the novel. Rare are the readers of novels regarded as serious works of art or literature, unless they are the product of the genius of writers like Hawthorne and Melville. And, unfortunately, contemporary novelists are not close to any kind of literary genius.